Quantification of edematous changes by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in gastrocnemius muscles after spinal nerve ligation
نویسندگان
چکیده
Patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) exhibit diverse symptoms, such as neuropathic pain, allodynia, local edema and skin color changes in the affected lesion. Although nerve injury may cause CRPS, pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the syndrome are unclear, and local edema, a characteristic of CRPS, has not been evaluated quantitatively for technical reasons. Here, using a rat spinal nerve ligation-induced CRPS model, we show that edematous changes in gastrocnemius muscle can be detected quantitatively by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using the line-scan diffusion spectrum on a 1.5 T clinical MR imager, we demonstrate significant elevation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratios in gastrocnemius muscle on the ligated versus the sham-operated rats by one day after surgery, those ratios gradually decreased over time. Meanwhile, T2 ratios in gastrocnemius muscle on the ligated rats increased gradually and significantly, peaking two weeks after surgery, and those ratios remained high and were consistent with edema. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key regulator of blood vessel formation and function, was significantly lower in gastrocnemius muscle on the ligated versus non-ligated side, suggesting that nerve ligation promotes edematous changes and perturbs VEGF expression in target muscle.
منابع مشابه
Are magnetic resonance imaging or radiographic findings correlated with clinical prognosis in spinal cord neuropathy?
Dogs presented to the Small Animal Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran were included in the present study if spinal or intervertebral disc involvement was suspected. Clinical signs were recorded as well as general information of the patient such as age, breed and sex. Sixty dogs were examined radiographically and two standard orthogonal lateral and ventrodorsal projections wer...
متن کاملClinical Significance of Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Treatment Efficacy in MS Patients With Acute Attacks
Background: Despite the existence of various imaging methods, the accurate diagnosis of many neurodegenerative diseases is still controversial. The use of advanced imaging techniques, such as the diffusion weighted imaging can be help the early detection of MS and evaluation of the treatment efficacy in these patients. Materials and method: 24 MS patients with acute attack and thirty healthy s...
متن کاملDiagnosis of Meningitis Caused by Pathogenic Microorganisms Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Bacterial meningitis is an acute infectious inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain. Its early diagnosis is vital because of its high morbidity and mortality. It is mostly diagnosed by a gold standard diagnostic tool i.e. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) analysis. However, it is sometimes difficult and or impossible to do this procedure and an alternative diagnostic t...
متن کاملCranial Nerve Lymphomatosis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in a Case of Mantle Cell Lymphoma
متن کامل
Differentiation of active tumor from edematous regions of glioblastoma multiform tumor in diffusion MR images using heterogeneity analysis method
Background: Due to intrinsic heterogeneity of cellular distribution and density within diffusion weighted images (DWI) of glioblastoma multiform (GBM) tumors, differentiation of active tumor and peri-tumoral edema regions within these tumors is challenging. The aim of this paper was to take advantage of the differences among heterogeneity of active tumor and edematous regions within the gliobla...
متن کامل